看python社區(qū)大媽組織的內(nèi)容里邊有一篇講python內(nèi)存優(yōu)化的，用到了__slots__。然后查了一下，總結(jié)一下。感覺非常有用

python類在進(jìn)行實(shí)例化的時(shí)候，會(huì)有一個(gè)__dict__屬性，里邊有可用的實(shí)例屬性名和值。聲明__slots__后，實(shí)例就只會(huì)含有__slots__里有的屬性名。

          
# coding: utf-8
 
 
class A(object):
  x = 1
 
  def __init__(self):
    self.y = 2
 
a = A()
print a.__dict__
print(a.x, a.y)
a.x = 10
a.y = 10
print(a.x, a.y)
 
 
class B(object):
  __slots__ = ('x', 'y')
  x = 1
  z = 2
 
  def __init__(self):
    self.y = 3
    # self.m = 5 # 這個(gè)是不成功的
 
 
b = B()
# print(b.__dict__)
print(b.x, b.z, b.y)
# b.x = 10
# b.z = 10
b.y = 10
print(b.y)
 
 
class C(object):
  __slots__ = ('x', 'z')
  x = 1
 
  def __setattr__(self, name, val):
    if name in C.__slots__:
      object.__setattr__(self, name, val)
 
  def __getattr__(self, name):
    return "Value of %s" % name
 
 
c = C()
print(c.__dict__)
print(c.x)
print(c.y)
# c.x = 10
c.z = 10
c.y = 10
print(c.z, c.y)
c.z = 100
print(c.z)
        

            
{'y': 2}
(1, 2)
(10, 10)
(1, 2, 3)
10
Value of __dict__
1
Value of y
(10, 'Value of y')
100