Bridged
Bridged networking connects a virtual machine to a network using the host computer's Ethernet adapter.
Bridged networking is set up automatically if you select
Use bridged networking
in the New Virtual Machine Wizard or if you select the
Typical
setup path. This selection is available on a Linux host only if you enable the bridged networking option when you install VMware Workstation.
If your host computer is on an Ethernet network, this is often the easiest way to give your virtual machine access to that network. Linux and Windows hosts can use bridged networking to connect to both wired and wireless networks.
If you use bridged networking, your virtual machine needs to have its own identity on the network. For example, on a TCP/IP network, the virtual machine needs its own IP address. Your network administrator can tell you whether IP addresses are available for your virtual machine and what networking settings you should use in the guest operating system. Generally, your guest operating system may acquire an IP address and other network details automatically from a DHCP server, or you may need to set the IP address and other details manually in the guest operating system.
If you use bridged networking, the virtual machine is a full participant in the network. It has access to other machines on the network and can be contacted by other machines on the network as if it were a physical computer on the network.
Be aware that if the host computer is set up to boot multiple operating systems and you run one or more of them in virtual machines, you need to configure each operating system with a unique network address. People who boot multiple operating systems often assign all systems the same address, since they assume only one operating system will be running at a time. If you use one or more of the operating systems in a virtual machine, this assumption is no longer true.
If you make some other selection in the New Virtual Machine Wizard and later decide you want to use bridged networking, you can make that change in the virtual machine settings editor (
VM > Settings）
NAT
NAT gives a virtual machine access to network resources using the host computer's IP address.
A network address translation connection is set up automatically if you follow the
Custom
path in the New Virtual Machine Wizard and select
Use network address translation
.
If you want to connect to the Internet or other TCP/IP network using the host computer's dial-up networking or broadband connection and you are not able to give your virtual machine an IP address on the external network, NAT is often the easiest way to give your virtual machine access to that network.
NAT also allows you to connect to a TCP/IP network using a Token Ring adapter on the host computer.
If you use NAT, your virtual machine does not have its own IP address on the external network. Instead, a separate private network is set up on the host computer. Your virtual machine gets an address on that network from the VMware virtual DHCP server. The VMware NAT device passes network data between one or more virtual machines and the external network. It identifies incoming data packets intended for each virtual machine and sends them to the correct destination.
If you select NAT, the virtual machine can use many standard TCP/IP protocols to connect to other machines on the external network. For example, you can use HTTP to browse Web sites, FTP to transfer files and Telnet to log on to other computers. In the default configuration, computers on the external network cannot initiate connections to the virtual machine. That means, for example, that the default configuration does not let you use the virtual machine as a Web server to send Web pages to computers on the external network.
If you make some other selection in the New Virtual Machine Wizard and later decide you want to use NAT, you can make that change in the virtual machine settings editor (
VM > Settings
)
Host-only
Host-Only Networking <script src="scripts/expand.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="scripts/seealso.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="data/popups.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="scripts/popup.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script src="scripts/page.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script type="text/javascript"> <!-- function WWNoOp() {} function WWNoValue() { return ""; } var VarHTMLHelp; var VarSeeAlso; var VarDropDown; if (typeof(HTMLHelp_Object) != "undefined") { VarHTMLHelp = new HTMLHelp_Object(); VarSeeAlso = new WWSeeAlso_Object(); VarDropDown = new WWDropDown_Object(); } else { VarHTMLHelp = new Object(); VarHTMLHelp.fNotifyClicked = WWNoOp; VarHTMLHelp.fPopupDivTag = WWNoValue; VarSeeAlso = new Object(); VarDropDown = new Object(); VarDropDown.fAnchorOpen = WWNoOp; VarDropDown.fAnchorClose = WWNoOp; VarDropDown.fDIVOpen = WWNoOp; VarDropDown.fDIVClose = WWNoOp; } // --> </script>
Host-only networking creates a network that is completely contained within the host computer.
A host-only network is set up automatically if you select
Use Host-only Networking
in the New Virtual Machine Wizard. On Linux hosts, this selection is available only if you enabled the host-only networking option when you installed VMware Workstation.
Host-only networking provides a network connection between the virtual machine and the host computer, using a virtual Ethernet adapter that is visible to the host operating system. This approach can be useful if you need to set up an isolated virtual network.
If you use host-only networking, your virtual machine and the host virtual adapter are connected to a private Ethernet network. Addresses on this network are provided by the VMware DHCP server.
If you make some other selection in the New Virtual Machine Wizard and later decide you want to use host-only networking, you can make that change in the virtual machine settings editor (
VM > Settings
). For details, see
Changing the Networking Configuration
.
Routing and Connection Sharing
If you install the proper routing or proxy software on your host computer, you can establish a connection between the host virtual Ethernet adapter and a physical network adapter on the host computer. This allows you, for example, to connect the virtual machine to a Token Ring or other non-Ethernet network.
On a Windows 2000, Windows XP or Windows Server 2003 host computer, you can use host-only networking in combination with the Internet connection sharing feature in Windows to allow a virtual machine to use the host's dial-up networking adapter or other connection to the Internet. See your Windows documentation for details on configuring Internet connection sharing.
VMWare提供了三種工作模式，它們是bridged(橋接模式)、NAT(網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址轉(zhuǎn)換模式)和host-only(主機模式)。要想在網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理和維護中合理應(yīng)用它們，你就應(yīng)該先了解一下這三種工作模式。
1.bridged(橋接模式)
在這種模式下，VMWare虛擬出來的操作系統(tǒng)就像是局域網(wǎng)中的一臺獨立的主機，它可以訪問網(wǎng)內(nèi)任何一臺機器。在橋接模式下，你需要手工為虛擬系統(tǒng)配置IP地址、子網(wǎng)掩碼，而且還要和宿主機器處于同一網(wǎng)段，這樣虛擬系統(tǒng)才能和宿主機器進行通信。同時，由于這個虛擬系統(tǒng)是局域網(wǎng)中的一個獨立的主機系統(tǒng)，那么就可以手工配置它的TCP/IP配置信息，以實現(xiàn)通過局域網(wǎng)的網(wǎng)關(guān)或路由器訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。
使用橋接模式的虛擬系統(tǒng)和宿主機器的關(guān)系，就像連接在同一個Hub上的兩臺電腦。想讓它們相互通訊，你就需要為虛擬系統(tǒng)配置IP地址和子網(wǎng)掩碼，否則就無法通信。
如果你想利用VMWare在局域網(wǎng)內(nèi)新建一個虛擬服務(wù)器，為局域網(wǎng)用戶提供網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)，就應(yīng)該選擇橋接模式。
2.host-only(主機模式)
在某些特殊的網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)試環(huán)境中，要求將真實環(huán)境和虛擬環(huán)境隔離開，這時你就可采用host-only模式。在host-only模式中，所有的虛擬系統(tǒng)是可以相互通信的，但虛擬系統(tǒng)和真實的網(wǎng)絡(luò)是被隔離開的。
提示:在host-only模式下，虛擬系統(tǒng)和宿主機器系統(tǒng)是可以相互通信的，相當(dāng)于這兩臺機器通過雙絞線互連。
在host-only模式下，虛擬系統(tǒng)的TCP/IP配置信息(如IP地址、網(wǎng)關(guān)地址、DNS服務(wù)器等)，都是由VMnet1(host-only)虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)的DHCP服務(wù)器來動態(tài)分配的。
如果你想利用VMWare創(chuàng)建一個與網(wǎng)內(nèi)其他機器相隔離的虛擬系統(tǒng)，進行某些特殊的網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)試工作，可以選擇host-only模式。
3.NAT(網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址轉(zhuǎn)換模式)
使用NAT模式，就是讓虛擬系統(tǒng)借助NAT(網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址轉(zhuǎn)換)功能，通過宿主機器所在的網(wǎng)絡(luò)來訪問公網(wǎng)。也就是說，使用NAT模式可以實現(xiàn)在虛擬系統(tǒng)里訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。NAT模式下的虛擬系統(tǒng)的TCP/IP配置信息是由VMnet8(NAT)虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)的DHCP服務(wù)器提供的，無法進行手工修改，因此虛擬系統(tǒng)也就無法和本局域網(wǎng)中的其他真實主機進行通訊。采用NAT模式最大的優(yōu)勢是虛擬系統(tǒng)接入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)非常簡單，你不需要進行任何其他的配置，只需要宿主機器能訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)即可。
如果你想利用VMWare安裝一個新的虛擬系統(tǒng)，在虛擬系統(tǒng)中不用進行任何手工配置就能直接訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，建議你采用NAT模式。
提示:以上所提到的NAT模式下的VMnet8虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)，host-only模式下的VMnet1虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以及bridged模式下的VMnet0虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)，都是由VMWare虛擬機自動配置而生成的，不需要用戶自行設(shè)置。VMnet8和VMnet1提供DHCP服務(wù)，VMnet0虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)則不提供
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VMWare 網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接的三種工作模式(bridged、host-only、NAT)
